Nginx由受配置文件中定义的指令控制的模块组成。指令分为两部分：
- 简单指令：简单指令由名称和参数组成, 这些名称和参数之间用空格分隔, 并以分号(;)结尾。
- 块指令：块指令的结构类似于简单指令, 但以分号代替, 以一组大括号({和})包围的其他指令结尾。如果块指令在花括号内可以有其他指令, 则称为上下文。例如。事件, http, 位置和服务器。
放置在任何上下文外部的配置文件中的指令都被视为在主上下文中。事件和http指令位于主上下文中, 服务器位于http中, 并且位于服务器中的位置。
让我们看一些重要指令的列表：
| 指令 | 语法 | 默认 | 上下文 |
|---|---|---|---|
| absolute_redirect | absolute_redirect on | off; | absolute_redirect on; | http, server, location |
| accept_mutex | accept_mutex on | off; | off | Events |
| accept_mutex_delay | accept_mutex_delay time; | accept_mutex_delay 500ms; | Events |
| access_log (ngx_http_log_module) | access_log path [format [buffer=size] [gzip[=level]] [flush=time] [if=condition]]; access_log off; |
access_log logs/access.log combined; | http, server, location, if in location, limit_except |
| access_log(ngx_stream_log_module) | access_log path format [buffer=size] [gzip[=level]] [flush=time] [if=condition]; access_log off; |
access_log off; | stream, server |
| add_after_body | add_before_body uri; | – | http, server, location |
| add_before_body | add_before_body uri; | – | http, server, location |
| add_header | add_header name value [always]; | – | http, server, location, if in location |
| add_trailer | add_trailer name value [always]; | – | http, server, location, if in location |
| addition_types | addition_types mime-type …; | addition_types text/html; | http, server, location |
| aio | aio on | off | threads[=pool]; | aio off; | http, server, location |
| aio_write | aio_write on | off; | aio_write off; | http, server, location |
| alias | alias path; | – | Location |
| allow (ngx_http_access_module) | allow address | CIDR | unix: | all; | – | http, server, location, limit_except |
| allow (ngx_stream_access_module) | allow address | CIDR | unix: | all; | – | Stream, server |
| ancient_browser | ancient_browser string …; | – | http, server, location |
| ancient_browser_value | ancient_browser_value string; | ancient_browser_value 1; | http, server, location |
| api | api [write=on|off]; | – | location |
| auth_basic | auth_basic string | off; | auth_basic off; | http, server, location, limit_except |
| auth_basic_user_file | auth_basic_user_file file; | – | http, server, location, limit_except |
| auth_http | auth_http URL； | – | mail, server |
| auth_http_header | auth_http_header header value; | – | mail, server |
| auth_http_pass_client_cert | auth_http_pass_client_cert on | off; | auth_http_pass_client_cert off; | mail, server |
| auth_http_timeout | auth_http_timeout time | auth_http_timeout 60s; | mail, server |
| auth_jwt | auth_jwt string [token=$variable] | off; | auth_jwt off; | http, server, location, limit_except |
| auth_jwt_claim_set | auth_jwt_claim_set $variable name …; | – | http |
| auth_jwt_header_set | auth_jwt_header_set $variable name …; | – | http |
| auth_jwt_key_file | auth_jwt_key_file文件； | – | ttp, server, location, limit_except |
| auth_jwt_key_request | – | – | – |
