在模拟器中运行可重复测试的Android项目示例

过去几天,我一直在与Android命令行斗争,以建立一个简单的项目,该项目可以在模拟器内可靠地、可重复地运行自动化测试。

为了使测试可靠并独立于我机器上的任何其他东西,我希望将Android SDK和AVD文件存储在一个本地目录中。

为此,我必须定义许多相互关联的环境变量,并将这些工具打包到脚本中,以确保它们以正确的标志和设置运行。

您需要所有的实用程序脚本包括在该repo工作,但一些高亮包括:

我在每个脚本、脚本/路径中引用的环境变量:

PROJECT_ROOT=$(dirname $(dirname $(realpath ${BASH_SOURCE[${#BASH_SOURCE[@]} - 1]})))
export ANDROID_SDK_ROOT="${PROJECT_ROOT}/android_sdk"
export ANDROID_SDK_HOME="${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}"
export ANDROID_EMULATOR_HOME="${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}/emulator-home"
export ANDROID_AVD_HOME="${ANDROID_EMULATOR_HOME}/avd"

创建一个本地。

属性文件告诉Gradle和Android Studio SDK在哪里,运行如下代码:

echo "# File created automatically - changes will be overwritten!" > local.properties
echo "sdk.dir=${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}" >> local.properties

Android工具的包装脚本,例如scripts/sdkmanager:

#!/bin/bash

set -e
set -u

source scripts/paths

"${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}/tools/bin/sdkmanager" \
    "--sdk_root=${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}" \
    "$@"

avdmanager的包装器是特别有趣的,因为它似乎我们需要覆盖它认为的工具目录是为了让它正常工作- scripts/avdmanager:

#!/bin/bash

set -e
set -u

source scripts/paths

# Set toolsdir to include "bin/" since avdmanager seems to go 2 dirs up
# from that to find the SDK root?
AVDMANAGER_OPTS="-Dcom.android.sdkmanager.toolsdir=${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}/tools/bin/" \
    "${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}/tools/bin/avdmanager" "$@"

在使用项目脚本/install-android-tools之前必须运行一次的安装脚本:

#!/bin/bash

set -e
set -u
set -x

source scripts/paths

mkdir -p "${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}"
mkdir -p "${ANDROID_AVD_HOME}"
mkdir -p "${ANDROID_EMULATOR_HOME}"

# Download sdkmanager, avdmanager etc.
cd "${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}"
test -f commandlinetools-*.zip || \
    wget -q 'https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-6200805_latest.zip'
unzip -q -u commandlinetools-*.zip
cd ..

# Ask sdkmanager to update itself
./scripts/sdkmanager --update

# Install the emulator and tools
yes | ./scripts/sdkmanager --install 'emulator' 'platform-tools'

# Platforms
./scripts/sdkmanager --install 'platforms;android-21'
./scripts/sdkmanager --install 'platforms;android-29'

# Install system images for our oldest and newest supported API versions
yes | ./scripts/sdkmanager --install 'system-images;android-21;default;x86_64'
yes | ./scripts/sdkmanager --install 'system-images;android-29;default;x86_64'

# Create AVDs to run the system images
echo no | ./scripts/avdmanager -v \
    create avd \
    -f \
    -n "avd-21" \
    -k "system-images;android-21;default;x86_64" \
    -p ${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}/avds/avd-21
echo no | ./scripts/avdmanager -v \
    create avd \
    -f \
    -n "avd-29" \
    -k "system-images;android-29;default;x86_64" \
    -p ${ANDROID_SDK_ROOT}/avds/avd-29

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